Document Type
Operational Boundary Guide
Audience
Auditors, ISSMs, C3PAOs, Notified Bodies
Frameworks
EU AI Act + NIST AI RMF + SR 11-7
| Category |
Definition |
Example |
| SWT3 WITNESSES |
SWT3 provides tamper-evident cryptographic proof that the action occurred. The anchor is independently verifiable. |
AI-INF.1 proves an inference was logged with prompt/response hashes. |
| SHARED |
The organization performs the action; SWT3 provides the cryptographic evidence that it happened. Both are required. |
AI-GRD.1 proves guardrails were active, but the org must configure and maintain those guardrails. |
| DEPLOYER ONLY |
Entirely the organization's responsibility. SWT3 cannot witness qualitative judgment, organizational structure, or human cognition. |
SR 11-7 conceptual soundness requires human evaluation of statistical theory. |
| Requirement |
Owner |
SWT3 Procedure |
Notes |
| Art. 9(1): Establish risk management system |
DEPLOYER |
None |
Organizational governance. SWT3 cannot design a risk management framework. |
| Art. 9(4)(a): Risk measures operational |
SHARED |
AI-GRD.1, AI-GRD.2 |
Deployer configures guardrails. SWT3 proves they were active at inference time. |
| Art. 9(4)(b): Testing and validation |
SHARED |
AI-MDL.1, AI-MDL.3 |
Deployer runs validation. SWT3 proves model integrity and detects drift. |
| Art. 9(4)(c): Appropriate for intended purpose |
SHARED |
AI-ACC.1 |
Deployer defines access scope. SWT3 proves access was within scope. |
| Requirement |
Owner |
SWT3 Procedure |
Notes |
| Art. 12(1): Automatic event recording |
SWT3 |
AI-INF.1 |
Every anchor is an automatic log entry with millisecond precision. |
| Art. 12(2)(a): Input/output identification |
SWT3 |
AI-INF.1, AI-CHAIN.1 |
Prompt and response hashes captured. Multi-agent chains traced via cycle_id. |
| Art. 12(2)(b): Software version logging |
SWT3 |
AI-MDL.2, AI-MDL.6, AI-SKILL.1 |
Model version, adapter stack, and skill manifest captured per inference. |
| Art. 12(3)(c): Input data for matches |
SHARED |
AI-INF.1 (hashes only) |
SWT3 captures hashes, not raw input. If raw input storage is required, deployer must retain locally at Clearing Level 0 or in a separate database mapped to SWT3 fingerprints. |
| Art. 12(3)(d): Natural person identification |
SHARED |
AI-HITL.3 |
SWT3 records reviewer count and identity binding method. Deployer must implement the identity verification system. |
| Requirement |
Owner |
SWT3 Procedure |
Notes |
| Art. 14(1): Human-machine interface design |
DEPLOYER |
None |
SWT3 cannot attest to interface design quality or human comprehension. |
| Art. 14(4)(a): Override capability |
SHARED |
AI-HITL.2 |
SWT3 proves an override occurred. Deployer builds the override mechanism. |
| Art. 14(4)(b): Automation bias awareness |
DEPLOYER |
None |
Human cognition and training. SWT3 cannot measure whether a reviewer was subject to automation bias. |
| Art. 14(4)(e): Stop button and safe state |
SHARED |
AI-SAFE.1 |
SWT3 proves the mechanism was tested and safe state was confirmed. Deployer builds and maintains the stop mechanism. |
| Art. 14(5): Four-eyes verification (biometrics) |
SHARED |
AI-HITL.3 |
SWT3 records reviewer count and identity binding. Deployer must enforce that two independent, qualified persons performed the review. |
| AI RMF Function |
Owner |
SWT3 Procedure |
Notes |
| GOVERN 1.2: Roles and responsibilities |
SHARED |
AI-ID.1, AI-CHR.1, AI-TRUST.1 |
SWT3 proves agent identity and charter compliance. Deployer defines organizational roles. |
| GOVERN 1.4: Oversight mechanisms |
SHARED |
AI-HITL.1, AI-HITL.2, AI-HITL.3 |
SWT3 proves oversight actions occurred. Deployer designs and staffs the oversight program. |
| GOVERN 1.5: Ongoing monitoring plans |
SHARED |
AI-MDL.3, AI-GRD.1 |
SWT3 provides continuous monitoring evidence. Deployer writes and approves the monitoring plan. |
| GOVERN 1.7: Privacy and civil liberties |
SHARED |
AI-GRD.3, AI-FAIR.1 |
SWT3 proves PII redaction and fairness metrics. Deployer conducts impact assessments. |
| MAP 2.3: Fairness criteria |
SHARED |
AI-FAIR.2 |
SWT3 proves fairness thresholds were evaluated. Deployer defines the fairness criteria. |
| MANAGE 1.3: Deployment integrity |
SHARED |
AI-MDL.1, AI-MDL.2, AI-MDL.8 |
SWT3 proves model integrity, version, and registry status. Deployer maintains the approved registry. |
| MANAGE 3.2: Incident detection |
SHARED |
AI-VIO.1, AI-SEC.1 |
SWT3 proves violations and threats were detected. Deployer builds and executes incident response plans. |
| MANAGE 4.1: Post-deployment monitoring |
SHARED |
AI-HITL.2, AI-TOOL.1, AI-CHAIN.1, AI-SAFE.1 |
SWT3 proves operational events were logged. Deployer implements decommissioning, user feedback capture, and recovery procedures. |
| SR 11-7 Requirement |
Owner |
SWT3 Procedure |
Notes |
| Clear purpose and design documentation |
DEPLOYER |
None |
Qualitative documentation of model purpose. SWT3 cannot evaluate design intent. |
| Data quality assessment |
SHARED |
AI-DATA.1, AI-RAG.1 |
SWT3 proves data provenance and retrieval sources. Deployer evaluates representativeness. |
| Robustness testing and sensitivity analysis |
DEPLOYER |
None |
Deployer executes testing. SWT3 can witness results (via AI-MDL.3 drift detection) but cannot run the tests. |
| Model uncertainty accounting |
SHARED |
AI-EXPL.2, AI-HITL.2 |
SWT3 proves confidence scores were captured and overrides were logged. Deployer makes conservative adjustments. |
| Validation independence |
DEPLOYER |
None |
Organizational reporting lines. SWT3 cannot verify that a validator is independent from the development team. |
| Evaluation of conceptual soundness |
DEPLOYER |
None |
Human evaluation of statistical theory. SWT3 can prove that model weights have not been tampered with (AI-MDL.1) but cannot evaluate whether the underlying theory is sound. |
| Ongoing monitoring and process verification |
SHARED |
AI-INF.2, AI-MDL.3 |
SWT3 provides continuous performance and drift evidence. Deployer evaluates whether market conditions have changed. |
| Outcomes analysis and back-testing |
DEPLOYER |
None |
Deployer compares predictions to actual outcomes. SWT3 can witness confidence scores but cannot execute back-tests. |
| Firm-wide model inventory |
SHARED |
AI-MDL.2, AI-MDL.8 |
SWT3 proves which models are deployed and registry-checked. Deployer maintains the inventory. |
| Board and senior management oversight |
DEPLOYER |
None |
Governance structure. SWT3 cannot attend board meetings or verify management engagement. |
The following categories of requirements will never be addressable by a cryptographic witnessing protocol. They require human judgment, organizational structure, or qualitative assessment that no automated system can provide:
| Boundary |
Regulatory Examples |
Why SWT3 Cannot Witness This |
| Human cognition and psychology |
Art. 14(4)(b) automation bias, SR 11-7 expert judgment |
SWT3 records actions, not mental states. Whether a reviewer understood the output or was biased is unobservable by a protocol. |
| Organizational structure |
SR 11-7 validation independence, SR 11-7 board oversight |
Reporting lines, influence hierarchies, and management engagement are institutional constructs, not runtime events. |
| Qualitative evaluation |
SR 11-7 conceptual soundness, Art. 9(1) risk management design |
Evaluating whether a statistical theory is sound or a risk framework is comprehensive requires domain expertise and professional judgment. |
| Interface design |
Art. 14(1) human-machine interface, Art. 13(1) instructions for use |
Design quality is subjective and context-dependent. SWT3 operates at the data layer, not the presentation layer. |
| Active defense and prevention |
Art. 15(4) attack prevention, MANAGE 4.1 incident response |
SWT3 is detective (records that detection occurred) not preventive (does not block attacks). Active controls are the deployer's responsibility. |
| Process execution |
SR 11-7 back-testing, Art. 15 robustness testing, MANAGE 4.1 decommissioning |
SWT3 witnesses outcomes of processes but cannot execute the processes themselves. |
This guide is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal, regulatory, or compliance advice. Regulatory mappings and crosswalk interpretations reflect the publisher's analysis and may not address all obligations applicable to your organization. Consult qualified legal counsel before making compliance decisions based on this content.